
Photo by Zach Kessinger on Unsplash
Proverbs 20:1 Wine {yayin} is a mocker, strong drink {šēḵār} is raging: and whosoever is deceived thereby is not wise.
Be Careful With Alcohol
This is the first time that Solomon addresses alcohol in the Book of Proverbs. Here he personifies alcohol. The “wine” (Hebrew yayin) that is referenced here is naturally fermented juice of crushed grapes. The “strong drink” (Hebrew šēḵār) is fortified or distilled wine made from grapes, figs, dates, or grains. The difference between the two was that
Wine or Yayin is naturally formed. Strong Drink or šēḵār is engineered by man to increase the alcoholic content per volume.
It was naturally formed wine that our Lord Jesus made at the Wedding Feast in Cana. Wine diluted with water was often used in Jewish celebrations. The Bible tells us that:
John 2:3 (ESV) When the wine {oinos} ran out, the mother of Jesus said to him, “They have no wine {oinos}.”
Jesus had the servants of the feast take six stone jars there for the rites of Jewish purification, each able to hold around 30 gallons of water. Jesus told the servants, “fill the jars with water”, and the servants filled the jars to the brim. Jesus told them to draw out the beverage, and take it to the “master of the feast”. This man declared:
John 2:10 (ESV) Everyone serves the good wine first, and when people have drunk freely, then the poor wine. But you have kept the good wine until now.
Jesus made “GOOD WINE”, naturally fermented, something only God can do. That which our Lord Jesus provided was not for drunkenness, but for celebration of Biblical marriage. The Psalmist praised the Lord, saying:
Psalm 104:1, 5, 10, 14-15 15 (LSB) Bless Yahweh, O my soul! O Yahweh my God, You are very great; You are clothed with splendor and majesty, 5 He founded the earth upon its place, So that it will not shake forever and ever. 10 He sends forth springs in the valleys; They flow between the mountains; 14 He causes the grass to grow for the cattle, And vegetation for man’s cultivation, To bring forth food from the earth, 15 And wine {yayin} which makes man’s heart glad, To make his face glisten more than oil, And food which sustains man’s heart.
Naturally fermented wine was given us by God – but God warns against its misuse. By personifying wine and strong drink, the Bible makes wine to be a “mocker” (Hebrew lûṣ) someone who makes fun of you or scorns you. We are told that strong drink is “raging” (Hebrew hāmâ), that is, it fights against your best interest, harming your life. Among the Israelites, Priests on duty were forbidden to drink alcohol:
Leviticus 10:8-11 Yahweh then spoke to Aaron, saying, 9 “Do not drink wine or strong drink, neither you nor your sons with you, when you come into the tent of meeting, so that you will not die—it is a perpetual statute throughout your generations— 10 and so as to separate between the holy and the profane, and between the unclean and the clean, 11 and so as to instruct the sons of Israel in all the statutes which Yahweh has spoken to them through Moses.”
This was because wine and strong drink can dull your senses, and allow the priest to do something that they would not have normally done. God made no allowances for tipsiness in the priesthood. If they were impaired by alcohol, their impairment could lead to their deaths.
When Abraham returned from battle, the Bible says that he was met by …
Genesis 14:18-20 (NKJV) Melchizedek king of Salem brought out bread and wine {yayin}; he was the priest of God Most High. 19 And he blessed him and said: “Blessed be Abram of God Most High, Possessor of heaven and earth; 20 And blessed be God Most High, Who has delivered your enemies into your hand.”
Again, this was naturally fermented wine, not fortified wine. Though it is possible to get drunk on naturally fermented wine, as Noah did (Genesis 9:21). The Bible forbids the Christian from drunkenness, saying:
Ephesians 5:18-20 (KJV) And be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess; but be filled with the Spirit; [19] Speaking to yourselves in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing and making melody in your heart to the Lord; [20] Giving thanks always for all things unto God and the Father in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ;
If we’re going to “get happy”, we should rejoice in the power and presence of the Holy Spirit of God, not from wine or strong drink. One final point. Christians are to avoid partaking wine around other Christians if it is offensive to them. The Apostle wrote:
Romans 14:21 (KJV) [It is] good neither to eat flesh, nor to drink wine, nor [any thing] whereby thy brother stumbleth, or is offended, or is made weak.
Drunkenness is a sin, and always forbidden. It is also a sin to cause a weaker brother or sister in Christ to stumble. The Apostle warned, “take heed lest by any means this liberty of yours become a stumbling block to them that are weak” (1 Corinthians 8:9). It is our calling to lead others to a deeper relationship with Jesus Christ, not to please ourselves.
Consider Carefully Who You Provoke
Proverbs 20:2 The fear of a king is as the roaring of a lion: whoso provoketh him to anger sinneth against his own soul.
A wise person looks to avoid conflict with others, especially when dealing with people you don’t know. Especially those in power. The Bible tells us:
Romans 13:1 (KJV) Let every soul be subject to the higher powers. For there is NO POWER BUT OF GOD: the powers that be are ORDAINED OF GOD.
It is God Who establishes the nations, according to His purposes. This brings us to the story of King Hanun of Ammon.
When David was still being chased by Saul he went to the King of Moab, and said:
1 Samuel 22:3 Please let my father and my mother come and stay with you until I know what God will do for me.
The King of Moab took David’s family in, but ended up killing all of David’s family but one brother Eliab. Eliab escaped to Ammon, and was put under the protection of King Nahash.
When King Nahash died, and his son Hanun took the throne, we read:
2 Samuel 10:2-5 (NKJV) David said, “I will show kindness to Hanun the son of Nahash, as his father showed kindness to me.” So David sent by the hand of his servants to comfort him concerning his father. And David’s servants came into the land of the people of Ammon. 3 And the princes of the people of Ammon said to Hanun their lord, “Do you think that David really honors your father because he has sent comforters to you? Has David not rather sent his servants to you to search the city, to spy it out, and to overthrow it?” 4 Therefore Hanun took David’s servants, shaved off half of their beards, cut off their garments in the middle, at their buttocks, and sent them away. 5 When they told David, he sent to meet them, because the men were greatly ashamed. And the king said, “Wait at Jericho until your beards have grown, and then return.”
This understandably angered King David. The Ammonites compounded the problem by then hiring 33,000 Syrian mercenaries to help them fight Israel. General Joab took the best fighters of Israel to fight the Syrians, and commissioned his brother Abishai to lead troops against the Ammonites. Both the Ammonites as well as the Syrians were destroyed!
The story doesn’t end here. King David should have honored the King of Kings and Lord of Lords after God gave him this great victory. But instead, the Bible says:
2 Samuel 11:1-2 (NKJV) It happened in the spring of the year, at the time when kings go out to battle, that David sent Joab and his servants with him, and all Israel; and they destroyed the people of Ammon and besieged Rabbah. But David remained at Jerusalem. 2 Then it happened one evening that David arose from his bed and walked on the roof of the king’s house. And from the roof he saw a woman bathing, and the woman was very beautiful to behold.
This began one of the darkest moments of David’s life. He committed adultery with another man’s wife, murdered her husband, and married the woman called Bathsheba. But as the Scripture says, be sure your sin will find you out (Numbers 32:23). God told David:
2 Samuel 12:7-12 (NKJV) ‘I anointed you king over Israel, and I delivered you from the hand of Saul. 8 I gave you your master’s house and your master’s wives into your keeping, and gave you the house of Israel and Judah. And if that had been too little, I also would have given you much more! 9 Why have you despised the commandment of the Lord, to do evil in His sight? You have killed Uriah the Hittite with the sword; you have taken his wife to be your wife, and have killed him with the sword of the people of Ammon. 10 Now therefore, the sword shall never depart from your house, because you have despised Me, and have taken the wife of Uriah the Hittite to be your wife.’ 11 Thus says the Lord: ‘Behold, I will raise up adversity against you from your own house; and I will take your wives before your eyes and give them to your neighbor, and he shall lie with your wives in the sight of this sun. 12 For you did it secretly, but I will do this thing before all Israel, before the sun.’
It is bad to anger the King, but horrible to anger the King of Kings. Our sins are an affront to God Himself. When we “provoke Him to anger, we sin against our own soul”.
The Wise Man Is The Peacemaker
Proverbs 20:3 It is an HONOR {kāḇôḏ} for a man to cease from strife: but every fool will be meddling {gālaʿ}.
It is better to follow the path of peace, not of war and offense. The word translated “HONOR” is the Hebrew kāḇôḏ, which means “to be exalted, to be lifted up as an example, to be honored”. The “fool” or godless person responds badly to others. They are always “MEDDLING”, Hebrew gālaʿ, meaning “seeking a battle, breaking out in contention”.
The fool is always finding fault, always looking for trouble! They are never satisfied or at peace.
The godless are always stirring the pot, but the one who will be honored is the one who seeks to calm the waters! Our Lord Jesus said:
Matthew 5:9 Blessed are the peacemakers: for they shall be called the children of God.
I suspect that those who are brittle, always finding fault are actually lost people. They make trouble because it inflates their ego – and yet – these people, the troublemakers, are rarely sought after or honored. Yes, there are times when you will have to strike in the name of God (as King David did), but that is the exception, not the default. The Bible tells us:
Hebrews 12:14 (ESV) Strive for peace with everyone, and for the holiness without which no one will see the Lord.
Romans 12:18 (ESV) If possible, so far as it depends on you, live peaceably with all.
Do good to your enemies (Luke 6:35), and walk in love as Christ loved us (Ephesians 5:1-2).
Illustrate: A little old lady came into the bank, and went to the Teller window with her bank book. “I’d like to draw out $10 from my account”. The self important woman behind the window said, “Ma’am, if you need to withdraw anything less than $100, you need to use the ATM outside!” The little old lady said, “But I only need $10. Can’t you get that for me?” The arrogant Teller said, “Absolutely not! The bank policy is to use the ATM, just like I told you”. The little old lady them said, “Well then, I’d like to close my account”. With a trembling hand she surrendered her bank book to the teller, who typed the account number into her computer. The teller turned white. That little old lady’s account held $350,000!She started stuttering, “Ma’am, we don’t have that much money in our vault at this time! Will you please reconsider? If I tell the manager you’re closing your account, I’ll be fired!” The little old lady smiled, and said sweetly, “Then honey, just give me my $10”. She got her money, and the Teller learned a lesson.
Arrogance and belligerence can hurt you. You never know who you are talking with. The way of peace is the way of Christ.
God Is Looking For People Who Are Faithful
Proverbs 20:4 The sluggard will not plow by reason of the cold; therefore shall he beg in harvest, and have nothing.
Illustrate: I heard about a fellow who lived in a house with a leaking roof. When it was raining, he refused to fix it because it was raining. When the rain stopped, he refused to fix the roof because it wasn’t leaking. Lazy people never get anywhere. The Bible says:
Galatians 6:7 Do not be deceived, God is not mocked; for whatever a man SOWS, that he will also REAP.
If you SOW nothing, you REAP nothing. The sluggard puts off, procrastinates, and the time of planting passes. When the harvest comes, the sluggard gets nothing, because he would do noting. When his belly was empty, he went begging others so that he might eat.
Proverbs 19:15 (ESV) Slothfulness casts into a DEEP SLEEP, and an idle person will suffer hunger.
These people never contribute to the good of anything, but are quick to point out deficiencies that they themselves have no solution for. Christians are not to be sluggards! The Apostle wrote:
2 Thessalonians 3:6-15 (ESV) Now we command you, brothers, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that you keep away from any brother who is walking in idleness and not in accord with the tradition that you received from us. 7 For you yourselves know how you ought to imitate us, because we were not idle when we were with you, 8 nor did we eat anyone’s bread without paying for it, but with toil and labor we worked night and day, that we might not be a burden to any of you. 9 It was not because we do not have that right, but to give you in ourselves an example to imitate. 10 For even when we were with you, we would give you this command: If anyone is not willing to work, let him not eat. 11 For we hear that some among you walk in idleness, not busy at work, but busybodies. 12 Now such persons we command and encourage in the Lord Jesus Christ to do their work quietly and to earn their own living. 13 As for you, brothers, do not grow weary in doing good. 14 If anyone does not obey what we say in this letter, take note of that person, and have nothing to do with him, that he may be ashamed. 15 Do not regard him as an enemy, but warn him as a brother.
We are not to be sluggards, nor are we to fellowship with sluggards. The standard of the Kingdom of God is, “If anyone is not willing to work, let him not eat”. Those who do nothing, contribute nothing – though many will be “BUSYBODIES”. What you sow, you reap! The Apostle said that if there are sluggards among us Christians, do not treat them as enemies, but warn them that their way is not Christ’s way. My commentary notes:
“So work hard, even when you don’t feel like it! I can tell you, being self-motivated is a huge asset to your employer, and to your spouse. Many are not willing to work when it’s hard and cold, and then wonder why things are not easy when everyone else seems to be having things go their way. The same is true spiritually. Often we can feel cold in our walk with the Lord, and don’t feel like reading our Bibles, like praying, or like going to church meetings – but that’s exactly when we should! And if we do, we’ll reap the harvest – we’ll see fruit in our lives.”
Keep Good Company With Faithful Believers
Proverbs 20:5-6 Counsel in the heart of man is like deep water; but a man of understanding will draw it out. 6 Most men will proclaim every one his own goodness: but a faithful {ēmûn} man who can find?
We live in a day when it is difficult to find faithful people. I believe that the demise of Church attendance and fellowship of the saints has contributed to this. I have noticed that …
When professing believers contribute to and focus on social media (Facebook, Tick Tock, X, Instagram, etc) excessively, they will adopt the mannerisms and bad attitude of the lost world.
We are warned in 1 Corinthians 15:33 (NIV):
Do not be misled: “Bad company corrupts good character.”
This is why the Church comes together frequently to read and study the bible TOGETHER. This focuses our hearts toward God and His truth.
The purpose of coming together to seek out and study the Word of God is to focus the heart toward faithfulness to God. God never expected us to be perfect or without sin when He saved us – but He does expect us to be faithful to Him. When God found Israel, the Lord said:
Deuteronomy 32:9-15, 20 (NKJV) … the Lord’s portion is His people; Jacob is the place of His inheritance. 10 “He found him in a desert land And in the wasteland, a howling wilderness; He encircled him, He instructed him, He kept him as the apple of His eye. 11 As an eagle stirs up its nest, Hovers over its young, Spreading out its wings, taking them up, Carrying them on its wings, 12 So the Lord alone led him, And there was no foreign god with him. 13 “He made him ride in the heights of the earth, That he might eat the produce of the fields; He made him draw honey from the rock, And oil from the flinty rock; 14 Curds from the cattle, and milk of the flock, With fat of lambs; And rams of the breed of Bashan, and goats, With the choicest wheat; And you drank wine, the blood of the grapes. 15 But Jeshurun {a symbolic name for Israel, meaning ‘those whom God made upright’} grew fat and kicked; You grew fat, you grew thick, You are obese! Then {Israel} forsook God who made him, … {and God said} 20 I will hide My face from them, I will see what their end will be, For they are a perverse generation, Children in whom is no faith.
God expects His people to be faithful, to be fruitful, not to be fallow. He saved us in love, and demands that we love Him in our salvation. We work for Him, and glorify Him.
Proverbs 20:7 The just man walketh in his integrity {tōm}: his children are blessed after him.
The faithful person is the JUST person, the saved person. The person who is saved should “walk” or live in his “INTEGRITY”. The word translated integrity is the Hebrew tōm, which means without hypocrisy. This is what God loved about King David. David was not flawless. He stole another man’s wife, and murdered her husband. He was prideful at times. But when God corrected David, David wholeheartedly repented and cast himself on the Grace of God. God came to Solomon after he built the Temple, and told him:
1 Kings 9:3-7 (KJV) – And the LORD said unto {Solomon}, I have heard thy prayer and thy supplication, that thou hast made before me: I have hallowed this house, which thou hast built, to put my name there for ever; and mine eyes and mine heart shall be there perpetually. [4] And if thou wilt walk before me, as David thy father walked, in integrity {tōm} of heart, and in uprightness, to do according to all that I have commanded thee, [and] wilt keep my statutes and my judgments: [5] Then I will establish the throne of thy kingdom upon Israel for ever, as I promised to David thy father, saying, There shall not fail thee a man upon the throne of Israel. [6] [But] if ye shall at all turn from following me, ye or your children, and will not keep my commandments [and] my statutes which I have set before you, but go and serve other gods, and worship them: [7] Then will I cut off Israel out of the land which I have given them; and this house, which I have hallowed for my name, will I cast out of my sight; and Israel shall be a proverb and a byword among all people
Integrity means that, dear Christian, you need to be SOLD OUT to God. God will not tolerate a half-heart in following Him. God gave EVERYTHING for you on the Cross. He expects you to give Him your WHOLE HEART. Period.
May God touch your hearts with His Word.








