Proverbs 1:1-7 The proverbs of Solomon the son of David, king of Israel; 2 To know wisdom and instruction; to perceive the words of understanding; 3 To receive the instruction of wisdom, justice, and judgment, and equity; 4 To give subtilty to the simple, to the young man knowledge and discretion. 5 A wise man will hear, and will increase learning; and a man of understanding shall attain unto wise counsels: 6 To understand a proverb, and the interpretation; the words of the wise, and their dark sayings. 7 The fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge: but fools despise wisdom and instruction.

Introduction To Proverbs

We’re starting our study through the Book of Proverbs. The Book starts with:

Proverbs 1:1 The proverbs of Solomon the son of David, king of Israel …

Word Study: First of all, what is a “Proverb”? The word “Proverb” is the Hebrew māšāl (pronounced maw-shawl’) which means “a parable, a concise or forceful observation that contains a general truth”. Some of our modern proverbs would be like:

If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it.
A penny saved is a penny earned.
Actions speak louder than words.
An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.
You can’t unring a bell.
Many hands make light work.
Strike while the iron is hot.
The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence.
Life is just a bowl of cherries. With it you get the pits.

These are all man-made proverbs. The proverbs found in the Book of Proverbs are GOD MADE proverbs. Though the Book starts with:

The proverbs of Solomon

Solomon himself had a God-given wisdom.

When he was first called by God to lead Israel as King, Solomon honored God by offering a thousand sacrifices on the altar (1 Kings 3:4). That night, God came to Solomon in a dream. God asked Solomon:

Whatever you ask Me for, I will give it to you.

God gave Solomon a blank check. If God gave you a blank check, what would you ask for? I’d be tempted to ask for immeasurable riches, or fame, or immense power. There was a song years ago that said “Everybody wants to rule the world”. What would Solomon ask for? Solomon told God:

1 Kings 3:7-9 (ESV) … O LORD my God, you have made your servant king in place of David my father, although I am but a little child. I do not know how to go out or come in. 8 And your servant is in the midst of your people whom you have chosen, a great people, too many to be numbered or counted for multitude. 9 Give your servant therefore an understanding mind to govern your people, that I may discern between good and evil, for who is able to govern this your great people?

Solomon did not ask for riches or fame, but for the wisdom to serve His God as King of Israel. Solomon showed fear of the Lord.

Our Lord Jesus told us:

Matthew 6:31-33 (NKJV) … do not worry, saying, ‘What shall we eat?’ or ‘What shall we drink?’ or ‘What shall we wear?’ 32 For after all these things the Gentiles seek. For your heavenly Father knows that you need all these things. 33 But seek first the kingdom of God and His righteousness, and all these things shall be added to you.

Fear of the Lord is to put God first, to glorify Him first. Fear of the Lord is to listen to and DO as God says. Proverbs teaches fear of the Lord.

God said “Put Me first. Put My concerns and My Kingdom and My glory FIRST, not last. If you do this, then I will take care of your physical needs”. This is fear of the Lord. This is what Solomon did. As David’s son, he was next in line by birth to be King. But Solomon did not see his kingship as a birthright, but a privilege. As he prayerfully looked over what his calling entailed, Solomon realized he was incapable of ruling Israel in a way that would glorify God. So Solomon asked God to give him wisdom to do what he was called to do.

And God complied.

God said (1 Kings 3:11-13, ESV) “Because you have asked this, and have not asked for yourself long life or riches or the life of your enemies, but have asked for yourself understanding to discern what is right, 12 behold, I now do according to your word. Behold, I give you a wise (ḥāḵām, pronounced khaw-kawm’, skilful, shrewd, learned, cunning, wily) and discerning (bîn, pronounced bene, understanding, prudent, that which perceives) mind, so that none like you has been before you and none like you shall arise after you. 13 I give you also what you have not asked, both riches and honor, so that no other king shall compare with you, all your days.”

In short, God made Solomon’s mind the most wise, the most thoughtful, the most able of any other person who lived on the face of the earth. Solomon had a supernatural wisdom. The Bible says:

1 Kings 4:29-34 (ESV) … God gave Solomon wisdom and understanding beyond measure, and breadth of mind like the sand on the seashore, 30 so that Solomon’s wisdom surpassed the wisdom of all the people of the east and all the wisdom of Egypt. 31 For he was wiser than all other men, wiser than Ethan the Ezrahite, and Heman, Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol, and his fame was in all the surrounding nations. 32 He also spoke 3,000 proverbs, and his songs were 1,005. 33 He spoke of trees, from the cedar that is in Lebanon to the hyssop that grows out of the wall. He spoke also of beasts, and of birds, and of reptiles, and of fish. 34 And people of all nations came to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and from all the kings of the earth, who had heard of his wisdom.

When you exercise fear of the Lord, God will give you a long and blessed life.

God told Solomon:

(1 Kings 3:14, ESV) And IF you will walk in my ways, keeping my statutes and my commandments, as your father David walked, then I will lengthen your days.

If Solomon walked with God, the Author of Life, then God would give Solomon a long life. The Bible says that “The wages of sin is DEATH” (Romans 6:23). God gave Solomon immeasurable wisdom – but it was up to Solomon to follow the wisdom that God gave him, or else pay the consequences.

The Proverbs of Solomon are God given

Some of the Proverbs in this Book were written by Solomon during his lifetime. After Solomon died, chapters 25-29 were added by the scribes of King Hezekiah 254 years later:

Proverbs 25:1 These are also proverbs of Solomon, which the men of Hezekiah king of Judah copied out (ʿāṯaq, transcribed).

These were proverbs known to have been said by Solomon, but for whatever reason were not added to the text of Scripture until then. However, not all of the Proverbs are from Solomon. One chapter of Proverbs – chapter 30 is the Proverbs of Agur.

Proverbs 30:1 (KJV) The words of Agur the son of Jakeh, even the prophecy: the man spake unto Ithiel, even unto Ithiel and Ucal …

We know little about Agur other than what is read in the Proverb. One commentary notes:

“Agur was writing “to Ithiel and Ucal” (NAS); these men could have been disciples or friends of Agur, although some Bibles translate the meaning of the two names with the assumption that they do not refer to actual people. Most commentators believe Agur lived in the same era as Solomon.”

The last chapter of proverbs was written by King Lemuel:

Proverbs 31:1 The words of king Lemuel, the prophecy that his mother taught him.

We know little about King Lemuel, though his name means “devoted to God”. My commentary notes:

“… we know that Lemuel was a king, he had a wise mother, and he wrote some poetry. Many commentators have surmised that Lemuel is actually King Solomon—in which case the mother would be Bathsheba. It could be that Lemuel was a pet name for Solomon, used by his mother in tender address, and that Solomon wrote down her advice in the manner she would have expressed it. Another theory is that Lemuel is actually King Hezekiah. A third theory is that Lemuel and his mother are fictional characters created by Solomon as a picture of an ideal king and queen mother.”

All of the Proverbs were considered the Word of God by the Jews, who were keepers of the Scripture. My Jewish Commentary notes:

“The Book of Proverbs is the second book in the Ketuvim (or Writings), the third section of the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible). The full Hebrew title is Mishlei Shlomo, or The Proverbs of Solomon, a reference to King Solomon, who, according to Jewish tradition, is the author of Mishlei. … Proverbs offers statements about how to conduct one’s life wisely. While the book does not offer a systematic presentation of specific doctrinal principles, Israelite or otherwise, Proverbs does convey a clear view of reward and punishment connected directly to God. Chapter 1, verse 7 sets the tone: “Fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge.””

Fear Of The Lord Defined In Proverbs

The phrase “The Fear of the Lord” is mention fourteen times in the Book of Proverbs. That’s amazing, because the phrase is only found sixteen times in the rest of the Bible.

The Book of Proverbs is therefore focused on teaching us how important it is to fear God, and what it means to fear God. Because Solomon feared God, and put a priority on glorifying Him in all that he did as King, God gave Solomon riches and worldwide fame. Solomon put God first, so God made Solomon first.

Fear of the Lord is to respect and honor God ABOVE YOURSELF.

Proverbs 1:2 To know wisdom and instruction; to perceive the words of understanding; 3 To receive the instruction of wisdom, justice, and judgment, and equity; 4 To give subtilty to the simple, to the young man knowledge and discretion.

Let’s break this down:

To know wisdom and instruction

It is not enough to “know wisdom”. You can KNOW (Hebrew yāḏaʿ) WISDOM (Hebrew ḥāḵmâ, pronounced khok-maw’), but you also have to have with that knowledge “instruction”, the Hebrew mûsār (pronounced moo-sawr’) meaning “chastisement, discipline, correction”. You can know the right thing to do, but not do it – and it doesn’t benefit you at all. Wisdom is when God tells you the direction to take – then physically disciplines or corrects you when you don’t take the way prescribed. The Prophet Job said:

Job 5:17 Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening – mûsār (pronounced moo-sawr’) of the Almighty:

Illustrate: I heard a preacher just this week refer to a Jerry Clower story he heard. He said Jerry came in after a long day in the field, sat on his front porch, and tried to relax. About that time his neighbor’s hound dog began to wail. The dog wailed and wailed, over and over, and Jerry got upset. He got up from his porch, walked to his neighbor’s farm, and asked him “Why don’t you do something about that dog wailing? He about to drive me crazy”. The neighbor said, “He’s wailing because where he’s sitting on the porch, there’s a nail poking up, and the nail is poking him. When he gets tired of being poked, he’ll get up and move to another place.”

A lot of people are like that old hound dog. God tells them where a nail is poking up, and warns them against sitting on it. They sit anyway.

They hear the warning – the wisdom of God – but reject the leading and discipline of God. Then they moan and moan, suffering more and more, until they repent and get up and move away from what God forbade. When you do what God says do, this is to RECEIVE it – mentioned in the next verse.

Proverbs 1:3 To RECEIVE the INSTRUCTION mûsār (pronounced moo-sawr’) of wisdom, justice, and judgment, and equity;

You RECEIVE THE DISCIPLINE of God when you hear what He says and, in respect for God Who knows best, DO what God says. Wisdom not received is useless. When Jesus came through Samaria, the Samaritans rejected Christ:

Luke 9:53 … they did not receive him, because his face was as though he would go to Jerusalem.

They knew Who Jesus was, but refused to RECEIVE Him as Lord and Savior. Many people know Who Jesus is, and will one day end up in hell. Why? Because of that word RECEIVE. The Bible says:

John 1:11-12 {Jesus} came unto His own, and His own {the Jews} received him not. 12 But as many as received him, to them gave He power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name:

To RECEIVE – a technical term in Soteriology (the study of Salvation) – is to not just hear but to SURRENDER to, to acquiesce, to agree with and live by.

The step brother of Christ wrote:

James 1:21-25 (ESV) put away all filthiness and rampant wickedness and receive with meekness the implanted word, which is able to save your souls. 22 But be doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving yourselves. 23 For if anyone is a hearer of the word and not a doer, he is like a man who looks intently at his natural face in a mirror. 24 For he looks at himself and goes away and at once forgets what he was like. 25 But the one who looks into the perfect law, the law of liberty, and perseveres, being no hearer who forgets but a doer who acts, he will be blessed in his doing.

A lot of people know what the Bible says, but have no fear of God. They do not DO what God says. To DO is to RECEIVE, to RECEIVE is to DO. The Christian not only HEARS, but DOES what God says. To hear and not DO, not RECEIVE, is to waste your time. Jesus said:

Matthew 7:24-27 (ESV) Everyone then who hears these words of mine and does them will be like a wise man who built his house on the rock. 25 And the rain fell, and the floods came, and the winds blew and beat on that house, but it did not fall, because it had been founded on the rock. 26 And everyone who hears these words of mine and does not do them will be like a foolish man who built his house on the sand. 27 And the rain fell, and the floods came, and the winds blew and beat against that house, and it fell, and great was the fall of it.

You can have wisdom, but do nothing with it, and it will not do you any good at all. As we come to these Proverbs, God expects action from what we hear.

Proverbs 1:5-6 A wise man will hear, and will increase learning; and a man of understanding shall attain (Hebrew qānâ, pronounced kaw-naw’, means “to make one’s own, to possess as owner”) unto wise counsels: 6 To understand a proverb, and the interpretation; the words of the wise, and their dark sayings.

Those who would be wise like Solomon are encouraged to LISTEN and then APPLY what is heard to their lives. Solomon warns that what we will read as we go through Proverbs will not necessarily be pleasant. This is one of the problems with American Consumer Christianity.

If it is PLEASING, if it AFFIRMS me, then I will absorb it. But if it is DARK, unpleasant, something I don’t want to do, I will reject it. This is NOT fear of the Lord.

the words of the wise, and their dark sayings

Word Study: The phrase “dark sayings” is the Hebrew ḥîḏâ (pronounced khee-daw’), which means “perplexing or difficult questions, riddles”. Some of the Proverbs may be uncomfortable. Some of the Proverbs may hurt our feelings. However, regardless as to whether the Proverb gives you a “Joel Osteen Happiness” or bring “John MacArthur Heaviness”, we must, if we would be wise, ask ourselves …

What does God want me to do with this information?
How can I put this at work in my life?

The Proverbs are not given to entertain, but to make us more like Christ, more like children of God. We will put His Word into action in our lives.

There Are Two General Types Of People: Those Who FEAR The Lord, And Those Who Are FOOLS

Proverbs 1:7 The fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge: but fools despise wisdom and instruction.

God’s children want to glorify God in their lives. We want to magnify Jesus. But “fools” hear the Word of God, but refuse to put it into practice. Who are “fools”? They are generally the lost, the people destined to go to hell for all eternity, for they will not repent and turn. The word “fool” is the Hebrew ĕvîl (pronounced ev-eel’), and is used in Scripture for those who care nothing for God. We are told:

Proverbs 14:9 FOOLS {ĕvîl (pronounced ev-eel’)} make a mock at sin: but among the righteous there is favor.

Proverbs 12:15 The way of a FOOL {ĕvîl (pronounced ev-eel’)} is right in his own eyes: but he that hearkeneth unto counsel is wise.

The “FOOL” {ĕvîl (pronounced ev-eel’)}) rejects the concept of sin, and choose his or her own way above the directive of God. This type of fool may not be as bad as the “FOOL (nāḇāl, pronounced naw-bawl’) who has said in his heart, ‘there is NO GOD’ (Psalm 14:1; Psaalm 53:1). But whether nāḇāl or ĕvîl, neither person honors God in their lives. Both type of “fool” has chosen glory of self over glory to God.

They are treading a dangerous path. You are treading a dangerous path if you are not hearing and RECEIVING what God has said in His Word. May God move you to do so this very day. Amen and Amen.